What does migration measure?

Migration specifically measures the movement of people from one country to another, typically focusing on those who intend to reside in the new location for an extended period. This phenomenon often encompasses motivations such as seeking better job opportunities, escaping conflict or persecution, joining family members, or pursuing education.

Numbering countries or assessing migration trends relies on understanding the long-term impact of these movements, such as changes in demographics, cultural exchange, and economic contributions to the host country. The choice that aligns with this definition captures the essential elements of migration as a sustained transition rather than a temporary shift or the movement of goods.

Considering the other options, short-term employment, seasonal labor, and goods transport do not accurately reflect the concept of migration, which is fundamentally about individuals relocating with the intent to settle over a longer term.